CONSTRUCTION AND FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS UNNAMED AERIAL VEHICLE’s
Abstract
This article presents information on the design and use of unmanned aerial vehicles with a
description of the design solutions of individual elements. The purpose of this work is to analyze the design
of the UAV, review the main parts, analysis and comparison of technologies for measuring altitude and
stabilization of drone flight, description of UAV control processes based on modified stabilization in air
space sensors and altitude regulators. Developments in the areas of height measurement and UAV
stabilization are presented and described at the current time. The general design of a UAV based on a
ISSN 2221-3805. Електротехнічні та комп’ютерні системи. 2021. №34 (110)
Автоматизовані електромеханічні системи
quadcopter is described. The existing variants of altitude sensors, which are necessary for drones of special
design, are considered. 3 existing systems are described - barometric, ultrasonic and visual positioning.
RADAR, LIDAR and LADAR systems are among the systems that are not found on civil drones, because they
very have a complex design and are quite expensive for simple drones. Possibilities of their use as UAV
altitude sensors, advantages and disadvantages. RADAR systems is ToF systems, which measure time of
flight transmission by electromagnetic waves. LIDAR and LADAR are optical height meters, which work
similarly systems RADAR. Two variants of drone flight stabilization, use of regulators on the basis of neural
networks and traditional systems with the use of PID-regulators are considered. The work of such regulators
is described, graphs are given, which show the difference between the set and real angles of deviation of the
pitch and yaw, which allows to evaluate the advantages of using each of regulators.
As a future study, the development of a prototype quadcopter for the study of the considered systems of
altitude measurement and flight stabilization is envisaged. Building a mathematical model using sensors and
regulators described here to study their real real behavior in the field. Integration of LADAR, LIDAR and
RADAR systems as the additional measurement systemsones for special and civil UAVs
